五大句型(五) S + Vt + IO + DO...[主詞+授與動詞+間接受詞+直接受詞]
其他處你可能看到是這麼寫的 S + V + O + O
有些及物動詞必須接兩個受詞，如 Jim bought Mary a present. 中的 bought (buy的過去式)稱為"授與動詞"。
兩個受詞中，指"物"的(如a present)稱為"直接受詞(DO.)，指"人"的(如 Mary) 稱為"間接受詞(IO.)。
這裡的 Vt 也是"授予動詞"，有"給"的概念，基本代表就是 give。
授予動詞是"完全及物動詞"，也就是說，後面一定要有受詞才能清楚的表達句意。
IO 是間接受詞 (indirect object )的簡寫; 表示人，也就是接受物品的對象。
DO則表示直接受詞 (direct object )，表示事、物，也就是直接接受授予動詞"給"的是"何事或何物"。
直接用例句來解說或許更清楚: (紫色字體為直接受詞，藍色字體為間接受詞)
He gives his girlfriend flowers every day. = He gives flowers to his girlfriend every day. give 是"授予動詞"，授予動詞後面必須有兩個受詞，一個是直接受詞 DO，一個是間接受詞 IO。
"直接受詞"意思是，直接承受"授予動詞(give)"所給的物品。但是"東西"是要給"誰"呢?
因此還需要一個"間接受詞"來作為"接受"這個物品的對象。
直接受詞與間接受詞的位置是可以調換的，只是要注意的是，當授予動詞 give 後面直接接上所要給的"物品(直接受詞)"才說明要給的"對象(間接受詞)"，這個時候間接受詞前面必須要有介係詞 to 來做為前後關係的連結。
He gives flowers to his girlfriend every day.
再注意:並非每個間接受詞前面都是用介係詞 to 喔! 要依照授予動詞的不同而有所不同。
茲列出個授予動詞後適用的介係詞，如表格
| 動詞 | 介係詞 |
| bring, deliver, give, lend, pay, sell, send, show, tell, teach, write, leave | to |
| buy, prepare, leave, order, make, bring | for |
| ask | of |
例句:
1. bring (帶來) --> She brings some chicken soup to me.
= She brings me some chicken soup.
她帶了些雞湯來給我。
2. deliver (遞送) --> The mailman delivers the letters to us.
= The mailman delivers us the letters.
郵差先生為我們送信。
3. give (給) --> I give a kiss to my mom every night.
= I give my mom a kiss every night.
我每晚親吻我媽媽。
4. lend (借出) --> I lend 500 dollars to my brother.
= I lend my brother 500 dollars.
我借我哥哥(弟弟)500元。
5. pay (付錢) --> He paid the money to me.
= He paid me the money.
他把錢付給了我。
6. sell (賣) --> He sold his second hand car to me.
= He sold me his second hand car.
他把他的二手車賣給了我。
7. send (寄) --> My uncle sent a BD card to me.
= My uncle sent me a BD card.
我叔叔寄了一張生日卡給我。
8. show (展示) --> My friend shows his new watch to me.
= My friend shows me his new watch.
我朋友給我看了他的新手錶。
9. tell (告訴) --> My mom tells a funny story to me.
= My mom tells me a funny story.
我媽媽跟我說了一個很有趣的故事。
10. write (寫) --> He writes a love letter to his girlfriend every day.
= He writes his girlfriend a love letter every day.
他每天都寫情書給他的女友。
11. leave (遺留) -> He left his key to me.
= He left me his key.
他遺留了他的鑰匙在我這了。
--------------------
1. buy (買) --> My best friend bought an iphone 7 to me.
= My best friend boughat me an iphone 7.
我最好的朋友買了一支 iphone 7 給我。
2. prepare (準備) --> My mother prepares dinner for us every day.
= My mother prepares us dinner every day.
媽媽每天都為我們準備晚餐。
3. leave (留下) --> He left an important message for me.
= He left me an improtant message.
他留了一個重要的訊息給我。
4. order (訂購) --> Could you please order a lunch box for me?
= Could you please order me a lunch box.
你可以幫我午餐訂便當嗎?
5. make (做) --> Mary made a BD cake for me.
= Mary made me a BD cake.
Mary 為我做了生日蛋糕。
6. bring (帶來) --> Would you bring the book for me that I lent you last month today?.
= Would you bring me the book that I lent you last month today?
你今天可以把我上個月寄你的書帶過來嗎?
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1. ask (要求、問) --> May I ask a question of you.
= May I ask you a question.
我能請教你一個問題嗎?
**一個句子屬於哪種句型，是根據"動詞"的意義來決定。同一動詞常因所表示的意義不同，通常都可用於兩種或兩種以上的句型中。
以make, turn 及teach三個字為例:
**make 可用於五種句型中 :
1. He made for the window. 他向窗口走去。
S + V [句型(一)完全不及物]
2. A good daughter makes a good wife. 倘為好女兒，必為好妻子。
S + V + SC ... [句型(二)不完全不及物]
3. He always makes some toys in the afternoon. 他經常在下午做些玩具。
S + V + O ...[句型(三)完全及物]
4. They made him president. 他們選他為總統。
S + V + O + OC ...[句型(四)不完全及物]
5. She made me a delicious cake. 她為我做了一個好吃的蛋糕。
S + V + IO + DO ...[句型(五)授與動詞]
**turn 可用於四種句型 :
1. Wheels turn. 輪子轉
S + V ...[句型(一)]
2. Milk turn sour. 牛奶變酸了。
S + V + SC ...[句型(二)]
3. Men turn wheels. 人們轉動輪子。
S + V + O ...[句型(三)]
4. Heat turns milk sour. 高溫使牛奶變酸。
S + V + O + OC ...[句型(四)]
**teach 可用於三種句型
1. He is teaching in the first class. 他正在第一班上課。
S + V ...[句型(一)]
2. He teachs Spanish. 他教西班牙文。
S + V + O ...[句型(三)]
3. He teachs his cousin Spanish. 他教他的表弟西班牙文。
S + V + ID + DO ...[句型(五)]
學習的重要環節就是自己練習造句，且一定要將句子念出來，隨時讓嘴巴去習慣每個字在嘴巴裡發音位置及轉換的流暢度。
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